Communication theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Correspondence hypothesis - Essay Example At the point when frail people feel a solid need of picking up endorsement from the general public, they utilize the assembly method of correspondence. The hypothesis of account worldview comprehends individuals as narrating creatures. This hypothesis presents a story rationale instead of the traditional rationale of contention. This rationale suggests that individuals assess the speakers’ believability by surveying the intelligence and constancy of their accounts. I will take the data contained in the correspondence settlement hypothesis and the hypothesis of story worldview more than others. There are explicit explanations behind that, I locate the previous fascinating, while the last interests to me intelligently. I accept that there is a ton of distinction between the correspondence styles of individuals in power and the individuals who need power. Then again, the hypothesis of account worldview permits the judgment of speakers to be popularity based since nobody can be prepared for making great

HP Compaq Merger

HP Compaq Merger IntroductionHewlett-Packard Company is a main worldwide supplier of figuring and imaging arrangements and administrations for business and home, and is centered around gaining by the chances of the Internet and the development of the cutting edge apparatuses, e-administrations and foundations. HP's corporate is situated in Palo Alto, California. The organization is lead via Carly S Fiorina who goes about as executive and CEO. As of October 2001 the organization had an all out workers of 88 thousand around the world, with more than five and forty deals and bolster workplaces and distributorships worldwide in excess of a 120 countries.HistoryIn 1939 HP was built up by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard in Palo Alto, California, subsequent to moving on from school. The organization began in a cabin was Bill and Dave delivered their first item the 200A sound oscillator, used to test sound hardware. In the 1940's HP began getting known and acknowledged by the specialists and researchers of the time, where is helped the US government on the planet war two providing it with electronic equipment.English: The base camp of the Hewlett-Packard C...During this period the originators made administration style that shaped a reason for HP's open corporate culture. The new administration procedure came to be called (the executives by strolling around). It included individual contribution with the representatives, great listening abilities and the significance of each laborer. In the 1957 HP opens up to the world about its first sale of stock of 16$ per share. The 1960's and 70's proceed with their custom of advancement and improvement of new items, similar to the world's first logical hand held number cruncher the HP35. The 1980's imprint HP's as a significant player in the PC business. At this point its items extend from PCs, work areas and smaller than expected PCs. During this decade HP enters the printer advertise. The 1990's are an amazing decade for HP was they consistently i mprove their...

Effective Corporate Turnaround Strategies

Effective Corporate Turnaround Strategies Every business around the world needs a combination of several factors and ingredients to succeed and maintain that success. But not each one of it manages to keep the graph going up either due to lack of funds, improper marketing, wrong people onboard or inefficient products and services.It may then begin to take the road down and go through a downward spiral. So should one just give up and lose all hope or should it make efforts to revive and come up the surface? Well, the process of revival and finding the way up again is known as corporate turnaround. © Shutterstock.com | fotogestoeberIn this article, we shall discuss the various strategies that can lead to an effective corporate turnaround by exploring the sections 1) corporate turnaround: an insight, 2) basic requirements for corporate turnaround, and 3) super-effective turnaround strategies.CORPORATE TURNAROUND: AN INSIGHTIt is common for businesses around the world to experience a downturn in their endeavors either due to higher than expected expenses or due to lower than anticipated sales or profits. While, in some cases, this situation can be handled and dealt easily, in other cases, this situation may lead to a downwards spiral. In such a case, the management of the organization must find ways to rise up from depths and make its way towards profits again. Corporate turnaround or turnaround management is the process of transforming a loss-making company into a profit-making. It is simply the method to corporate renewal that is aimed at saving a troubled corporation and rect ifying all those mistakes and wrong steps that can lead to a profit generating situation again. Corporate turnaround is structured, well-planned and methodological approach to the revival of a company and is achieved by following a step-by-step approach that takes time, investment and the participation of people.Questions to ask to find out whether your company needs a turnaroundIn order to find out whether your company needs a corporate turnaround or not, it is important to ask yourself a few questions, and they are given as follows:Is your company currently in a distressed condition and is heading towards a downward spiral?Is your company faltering in its efforts and going out of control?Is your company spending more than it’s earning and are the earnings hard to come by?Has your company suffered from the reputation?Once you answer these questions, you will automatically get an idea of its current state, based on which you can take further actions.Common causes for failure of a corporate enterpriseBefore making your way towards a corporate turnaround, it is important to know and understand the various causes of the failure of your enterprise. In most cases, businesses focus more on the signs/symptoms of decline rather than looking into the actual reasons for it. But without knowing the reasons, the rectification remains incomplete. There can be many reasons for the decline of a business, and they are broadly divided into two types: external and internal causes. Let’s take a look at both in detail:External causesExternal causes for failure of a company or organization are those kinds of causes that result from an external event, activity, trend or happening. The trends in the industry and the economic condition outside it can greatly affect a business or organization, no matter how it functions or how well it implements changes. The following are some of the main external causes for failure of a corporate enterprise:New aggressive competitor Presence of one or more aggressive competitors in the market or industry can lead to the downfall of an enterprise.Increase in prices of supply Another reason for the failure of a corporation could be a sudden and unexpected increase in the prices of supply.Changes in the market demand Shift in market demand and reduction in product preference too can be a major reason.Economic conditions The current condition of the market or economy could be a contributing factor to the decline of a company.Internal causesAs the name suggests, internal causes for failure of a corporation are those kinds of causes which emerge from within the company and is a result of poor people participation, inadequate efforts, improper tools, and others. The following are some of the main internal causes:Failures of management Poor management of a business enterprise often leads to its downfall and can be a major reason for is a failure.Failures in financial decisions Loss in budget controls, weak financial forecasti ng and absence of a proper costing system are just some examples of insufficient financial controls in a company that could lead to its downfall.Ignorance of new trends Ignoring the new trends in the industry and failing to grow with it could also be a big reason for a business’s decline.BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR A CORPORATE TURNAROUNDIt is important to understand that not all businesses facing failure can be rescued. There are some things needed to implement the process of turnaround and without fulfilling these basic requirements, no distressed business can be totally revived. The following are the 3 basic components or requirements for a corporate turnaround:1.     A strong core: Any business with a viable and strong core qualifies to go through the process of a turnaround, no matter how distressed it may be currently. A solid background with reliable employees and enough goodwill can be revived through efforts and turnaround strategies. Of course, even on having a strong core, a business will need to work hard to taste success again.2.     Short-term financing: Besides strong and solid roots, a business or corporation also needs proper funding, and that can be made possible through short-term financing. A company must have access to sufficient short-term financing in order to rise up again and work towards its own revival. The idea is to have enough cash flow to bring back the business on its feet again.3.     Resources and skills: A company must also have access to both intangible and tangible resources as well as skills. Without the proper resources, knowledge, expertise and skills, no business can bounce back again, in spite of having the cash flow and solid base. Without skills and resources, the corporate turnaround can prove to be either a very difficult task or an impossible one.SUPER-EFFECTIVE CORPORATE TURNAROUND STRATEGIESCorporate turnaround isn’t just one-point procedure that can be achieved by making just a few minor changes. Turning around a struggling business to a thriving one can be a complex process, one which involves several steps, methods, and strategies. It may sometimes take years to bring a business back on its feet because several factors need to be taken care of including management, finances, marketing, operations, human resources and many others. A strategic approach has to be followed to fulfill the turnaround and for your reference, we have compiled some of the best strategies for an effective corporate turnaround:1.     Situation reevaluationTo cure a problem, a diagnosis of the initial cause is the first step that is to be followed. Same is the case with corporate turnarounds. The first step that you need to follow is to figure out whether your business is damaged beyond repair or not. If not, then you need to look within the organization to figure out what the problem is. Only when you reevaluate the situation can you decide what actions can be taken next. To achieve this, you need to focus on some key areas, which are given as follows:Product A business is made by the products and services it offers and hence it is important to focus on whether the products you are offering are innovative enough, unique enough and buyable enough for the consumers.Customers You need to figure out whether your consumers are satisfied with the products being offered to them and is the right target audience being targeted.Finance Is the cash flow enough to sustain the business’s operations? Do you have short term financing to stabilize the situation?Process You must fathom whether all your business processes and systems are in place and working effectively. Without this, business performance can go down considerably.People It may be time to figure out whether your business is supported by the right people and staff. Employees can play a big role in any organization’s success and hence you may have to cut down on few who may not be providing a good output.2.     Crisis stabilizationOnce t he situation has been looked into, the next step is to stabilize the situation and make sure that the emergency state can be eliminated. To stabilize the crisis, you will need to conserve the liquidity of funds so that a window of opportunity can be created. You must aim for gaining a little restructuring of both the finances as well as the business so that the next steps can be easily dealt with, without worrying about the shortage of funds or chaos in business operations.You must, at this step track the situation, monitor it well and try to control it from going out of hand. Only when you make efforts for stabilization would you be able to experience the freedom to make necessary changes.3.     Strategy redefiningThe next step to follow in order to turnaround the business effectively is to redefine the strategy that is being followed by your company currently. Redefining the strategy means making strategic or objective changes in the approach followed by your business to reach its goals. If the corporation is on a downward spiral, then one of the biggest reasons behind this could be a gap in the strategy. This is the step where you can make all the difference for the future of the organization and give it a new direction. Revisiting the strategic approach can also make you realize the holes in the previous approach and the changes that need to be made to it.Key areas to focus on:Vision You need to create your new strategy by keeping in mind what your vision or objective is. You must know exactly what you wish to achieve and where you want to take your business.Purpose Are you aware of the real purpose of your business? Your strategy must address this purpose and make sure it is fulfilling the objective for which it was created in the first place.Brand Your business strategy must also address your brand value and should focus on the kind of impact you wish to have on the public as a brand.Mission You must incorporate the intent to succeed in the business and how to succeed in the strategy as well.Values Does your business have any principles, policies and standards that it wants to maintain and follow? If yes, make sure your strategy takes them into consideration.4.     Employee retention and reemploymentThere is hardly any corporate turnaround without talking about the people involved in it. It is the people or employees which run a business and no matter how your finances are, how good your strategy is, if the people backing it are not performing well, there is no way for it to succeed. Now may be the right time to figure out who really is offering the best services to your organization and who isn’t performing as per expectations.At this step, you need to take the decision of reemploying people, eliminating the weaker links and retaining those who are crucial to your business. To revive a business, it is important to retain the right people on board and politely excuse yourself of the wrong ones.5.     Process and product impr ovementsBesides people and strategy, another thing that you need to focus upon is the re-innovation of the products(services) and the business operations. Without regular upgradation and innovation of products and services, customers soon tend to lose interest, and this could be the reason for your downfall. Make sure you are offering your consumers something that they cannot find anywhere else. Regular changes in the products according to the demands of the market and customers are the keys to maintaining consumer interest.Same holds true for your business processes and operations. Have you incorporated the latest technologies or systems in your systems and processes? Do you innovate your working style, environment and principles with changing times? If not, then you should probably start doing that now!6.     Financial restructuringOne of the main and obvious reasons for a failing business is the lack of funds. Without solving the problem of financing, all the other efforts toward s a turnaround can fail miserably. If you are running out of cash, then it is a good idea that you focus on the financial restructuring of your business. While it is a great idea to look for external funding, it is even better to try to source it from within your company. Some of the ways to do so are given as follows:Cut down on costs wherever possible and lay off some of the unproductive staff.If you need to raise quick cash, consider selling some fixed assets.Try to take some money from your personal savings.Only after internal funding sources have been exhausted should you opt for external funding, the best examples of which are borrowing from a friend, taking a loan from a bank and leasing, etc.7.     Back to normalNow the next strategy involves returning to normal. Once the company has a constant cash flow, and everyone has gotten used to the changes, it is important to go back into the same work schedule and create an atmosphere of normality. Once the company is out of the cr isis situation, employees begin to gain more confidence, processes are put back into their normal speed and efforts are made to maintain the strong performance.8.     Become digitalAs the world is moving towards technological advancements and development, it is important to move ahead with it. Most consumers and customers these days look online for buying products and services and the industry demands you to go digital. Going the digital route is not just the need of the hour but also the demand of the consumers. Introduce latest systems, online technologies and online marketing in your strategy to gain the maximum in the current circumstances. Going digital also gives you an edge over your competitors and puts you in the league of those who are already gaining huge profits through online marketing and sales.The internet offers you a superb opportunity to reinvent yourself and bounce back hard. It is no doubt that the internet has changed the world, the way businesses work and the w ay consumers buy. So to complete the process of your corporate turnaround, it is important to have a good website, a strong SEO centric approach, e-commerce facility as well as social media presence.

Assessing Leadership In The Telecommunications Sector Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1608 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Direct Telecommunications Pls (DT) has gone from being one of the most successful telecommunications companies, to a position, where it has accumulated to an enormous dept. Responsibility for this dreadful decline has been attributed to the Chairman of DT, David William. Report will analyse the differences between leaders and managers, explaining why David William should be more of a leader than a manager. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Assessing Leadership In The Telecommunications Sector Business Essay" essay for you Create order Short definition of leadership will be given followed by the characteristics of successful leader. Explanation of Hierarchical organisation structure and its disadvantages will be provided following the benefits of more appropriate organisation construction, also suggestions how Direct Telecommunications could achieve it followed by conclusion and recommendations for the company. Characteristics of successful leader Frequently the group leaders appear in a large organisation, they are very enthusiastic, they encouraging and helping others toward achieving companys goals. According to the book writer organisation without leaders would be only the group of confused people. In every organisation where is at least one leader who is leading the others. Thereto leadership is the ultimate act that identifies, develops and uses the potential that is in the organisation and its people. People tend to use the term leadership and management, then they talk about companys management structure as its leadership or than they talk about individuals who are actually manager as the leaders of various teams. One of the most important characteristic of successful leader is intention to lead and decision to become a leader. Leader has to provide a vision of the future of organisation and to be able to inspire others to successes. The vision must be aimed throughout the organisation. Second important thing t o be a successful leader is to be able to see the goals and objectives of organisation, follow the vision, to provide direction and to guide other employees. Personal characteristics such as intelligence, courage, inspiration, competence and honesty are also very important for the leader of organisation. Why David should be more leader than a manager? Undoubtedly leadership is an important part of management. Managers are required to plan and organise, but the leader role is to influence others to seek defined objectives enthusiastically. This means that the person can be a strong leader, but the poor manager, if they poor planning orient the group to the wrong direction. Sometimes its opposite person can be a very weak leader but at the same time be a relatively effective manager. In real business organisation people expect excellent managers to have reasonably high leadership ability. According to business analysts David Williams does not have the leadership skills that modern companies require, he is more concerned about controlling and maintaining the organisation, these skills are more suited to the organisation of the past. Nowadays then telecommunication market is so competitive, he needs more of the leader skills to respond quickly to the changes in the market place. As competition responded to the changes in the market, David did not bring any changes in the organisation, which is one of the reasons why company faced the downturn. Leader is usually role model of the organisation and other employees tend to follow them. David was not open for new changes, did not have a clear vision and promptly set goals of the future. It may be a lot of reasons of that, such as, lack of resolution and courage, motivation deficiency, which cost the failure of all business. David should me more initiative, courageous with a clear vision of changes and to inspire others to success, not just plan and control the organisation. Disadvantages of Hierarchal structure A proper organisation structure its very important to a company as it helps management to achieve its objectives. According to business analytics DT is still organised in a traditional Hierarchical structure. Decision making is still made by the committees, which takes far too long to make the necessary decisions in a rapidly changing environment. Hierarchical structure is usually used and still usable in a big organisation such as DT. In Hierarchy employees are arranged at the various levels within the organisation, where each level is above the other and at each level one person has a number of workers directly under their control (see the picture below) (Hierarchical Organisation Structure) Usually is centralised with a highest role, where the most important decisions being taken by top managers, most clearly defines each workers position within the organisation and shows their relationship with other employees. A traditional hierarchical structure clearly defi nes each employees role within the organisation and defines the nature of their relationship with other employees. Hierarchical organisations are often tall with narrow spans of control, which gets wider as we move down the structure. Â  As organisation grow bigger hierarchical organisation is practical, because management could ensure command and control of the organisation. Nonetheless this organisational structure has quite a few disadvantages. First of all organisation can become bureaucratic and respond slowly to the changes, which are essential for organisation and for customer needs. Secondly is disadvantageous because of communication between the various sectors can be poor, as they apart from each other. Another disadvantages is that department can make decisions which are more beneficial to them rather than to the company and business. In some way it is good for a highest management, but is it suitable for the company, especially nowadays then widespread use of tech nologies downsize and reduce the workforce. Technologies took over the functions previously carried by the humans. Analysing DT situation we can see that David did not introduce any new technology and did not adapt to the changes in the consumer telecommunications market, while the competitors did. That was another reason of DT failure. The Matrix Structure Another alternative to DT could be the matrix organisation structure, which been used by big organisations such as hospitals, government agencies, universities, management consulting firms, laboratories and construction companies. (Matrix structure) The strength of the matrix is that individuals with highly specialised skills are lodged together in one functional department or product group. The structure has two different grouping, each function and project has a manager, and each subordinate is a member of each group, usually having two supervisors. Matrix system improves companys coordination by allocating project responsibility to a single coordinator rather than spreading it among the number of heads of functional department. Furthermore it could improve the communication between employees, because they have the opportunity to talk about the project or work plan with both colleagues in their project team and in the functional department. There is no doubt that changes need to be introduced in DT as soon as possible on purpose to save the organisation and be able to respond to the increased competition. One of the most important tasks for David, would be reorganisation of the companys structure, as we know people who perform the work is the base of success and grow of the business. First of all proper organisation structure, such a matrix, should be used and the plan of systematic arrangement of work should be made. By using the matrix the better plan could be made such as, for example financial department would be in one axis and department of geographical areas would be on the other, it might be beneficial to have each of its geographic units interlaced with its finance section. The matrix structure would allow DT to decide if they have a capital necessary to purchase the license and develop the particular area or if it should take advantage of an opportunity in another region. It would help DT improve the work efficiency because people f rom different departments would cooperate closely, they would share the data and it would help them to achieve common goals. Matrix organization may use the recourses more efficiently than other organic structures because of speed and flexibility. Moreover matrix management system will improve motivation in the DT, because decision making within groups becoming more democratic and participatory, because each member is able to bring specialized knowledge and skills to the table and usualy when people have a direct impact on decisions, they are more likely to experience higher levels of motivation. Furthermore become more responsible, they work harder and seeking to reach the common goals. Conclusion To sum up the report above we could state that is essential to introduce some major changes in the Direct Telecommunication, starting from the chairman David Williams. It is obvious that he is more of manager than a leader, but there is no doubt that he should become more of the leader on purpose to save the business. Report shows that good leader has to have and provide a vision of the future of organisation and to be able to inspire others to successes. In the other hand you can not save the organisation by being just a good leader, you also have to have a good organisational structure, in this case it would be changing the old hierarchical structure to a new, more effective matrix organisation, which would help introduce the new technologies and improve employees efficiency. Properly structured organisation will release energy and creativity, rationalise productivity and will improve morale. After implementing all these changes in DT, company will be able to grow, to return to t heir previous market position and compete with other telecommunication companies. Recommendations David Williams should be more of the leader, rather being just a manager. Be more responsible for the organisation, set the clear goals, spread it throughout the organisation and inspire other to success. Liquidate the old inefficient hierarchical organisation structure and introduce more responsive, such as matrix. Introduce new technologies. Respond faster for the new changes in the market.

The Debate Over Stem Cell Research - 1027 Words

Stem cell research is the study of basic cells that are grown in laboratories where tests are made to determine the essential properties of the cells. Over the past few decades, stem cell research has become a popular scientific debate and controversy. Stem cell research is still considered to be relatively new technology that is responsible for taking human cells and developing them into 220 different cells in the human body. Stem cell research has the potential to help disease research and management (Murnaghan, 2010). The two most common stem cells that scientist work within animals and humans are embryonic and non-embryonic (â€Å"somatic† or â€Å"adult†) stem cells (Stem cell basics, 2009). This paper will examine the two different types†¦show more content†¦If a scientist is able to manipulate embryonic stem cells into specific cell types, then maybe they could use the differentiated cells to treat certain diseases like Parkinson’s disease, tr aumatic spinal cord injury diabetes, heart disease, and Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy (Stem cell basics, 2009). Adult stem cells also known as multipotent stem cells and/or somatic stem cells are present in the human body in small numbers. These cells specifically focus on one specific tissue or organ as oppose to giving rise to all cells in the body. Over the past thirty years, adult stem cells have been quite successful with bone marrow transplants. One great example of an adult stem cell is the blood stem cell which is found mainly in the bone marrow of an adult (Stà ¶ppler). It was discovered that bone marrow contains two kinds of stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow stromal stem cells. Not only has adult stem cells been found in bone marrow but they have also recently been found in the brain, skeletal muscle, skin, teeth, heart, liver, and blood vessels. Usually, the adult stem cells are found in small amounts in tissue, especially once removed fro m the body. Many scientists are still trying to find ways to grow larger quantities in cell culture (Stem cell basics, 2009). Embryonic stem cells and

Health Care Delivery System Free Essays

The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Meredith King Ledford Jeanne M. Lambrew David J. Rothman John D. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Care Delivery System or any similar topic only for you Order Now Podesta Abstract This paper explores a published book of concern with the American health care systems and top three health care issues. It shows an overview and recommendations of our health care delivery systems and an overall blueprint for reform. Ledford and Lambrew offer recommendations to promote quality, efficiency, patient-centeredness, and other salient characteristics of a high performing health system. The blueprint is a vision of how different parts of the system should be structured and how they should function ( (Meredith King Ledford, Jeanne M. Lambrew, David J. Rothman, John D. Podesta, 2008) The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Medicare is one of a governments program that shows one of America’s biggest issues. An estimated 2. 3 trillion was spent on health care in the United States in 2007, and the cost of health care continues to grow at an astromical rate. (Ranawat) Growing concern about the rate of health care spending has forced policymakers to evaluate new cost control solutions. Increasing spending on Medicare has focused policymakers’ efforts to help control expenditures but it doesn’t help the underlying fundamental flaws. Decreasing reimbursements will likely prompt many physicians to reconsider their participation in the Medicare program (Ranawat). (Meredith King Ledford, Jeanne M. Lambrew, David J. Rothman, John D. Podesta, 2008) Included some insights on provider payment incentives, one incentive would be to revamp the process for updating the relative value scale used in Medicare’s physician fee schedule so that the relative values more accurately reflect relative costs. Medicaid is a federal and state program that is funded by taxpayers’ income tax payments to the government’s general revenue. Medicaid is one of the largest items in the federal budget, and its cost is growing at a rapid and unsustainable rate. The federal costs of expansion in Medicaid will be about 100 billion annually by 2020. (Edwards, 2010) Federal debt is spiraling out of control, and federal health programs are one of the main reasons why. The cost of Medicaid has grown explosively. Researchers have shown that spending jumped from $118 billion in 2000 to $275 billion by 2010 (Budget of the U. S. Government, Fiscal year 2011 Washington Printing Office 2010. The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint to Reform Conclusion and Future Study In order to gain a complete understanding of the government payment programs and different issues we face in the United States, it would be necessary to conduct a study that examines all aspects of Medicare and Medicaid. This would include The Centers for Medicare Medicaid Services (CMS) www. ms. hhs. gov, U. S. Census Bureau or The Official U. S. Government Web Site for people with Medicare (www. medicare. gov). References Works Cited Edwards, C. (2010). Medicaid Reforms. Meredith King Ledford, M. , Jeanne M. Lambrew, P. , David J. Rothman, P. , John D. Podesta, J. (2008). Government Payment Programs and Issues. In M. K. Ledford, J. M. Lambrew, The Health Care Delivery System: A Blueprint for Reform (pp. 1-128). Center For A merican Progress. Ranawat, A. (n. d. ). Medicare. Issues of America. How to cite Health Care Delivery System, Essay examples

When I Met My Best Friend free essay sample

There are many ways friends meet there best friends. Some meet them accidental and some it was destiny. But meeting my best friend was really funny. Her name is Leslie. We have hilarious moments together. We both know we can’t stay mad at each other. But most of all we both love each other like blood sisters. I moved to Corona my last month of my freshman year. I was sad because I didn’t know anybody in all my new classes. Except my sister who was a freshman too. I wanted somebody to talk to besides my sister. We both wanted a new friend. Two days pasted and my sister met a girl who was ok but I didn’t really get along with her. So for lunch I just walked all around school until the bell rang for 4th period. One day in first period, Mrs. Shieh (my teacher) told the class to get into groups of three. We will write a custom essay sample on When I Met My Best Friend or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While I was looking for a group everybody else got into their groups. I was walking around the class and seeing who didn’t had a third person. The someone reached over and poked me saying if I wanted to be in her group. I said â€Å"yes, thank you. In that group there was three girls including me. But one of the two girls was really nice and friendly to me. When classed ended I forgot to ask what was her name. After fifth period, I met up with my sister and walked in together to sixth period. Mr. Smith assigned us a grouped to work with. When I got to my group I saw her there. I told her hey didn’t even ask you for your name. she said: My name is Leslie. † I said. â€Å"It’s nice to meet you again Leslie. † We started talking when out of no where a boy named Jessie joined the our conversation. He told Leslie and me that he was Jewish. I said,† How the Hades are you Jewish. You look full on Mexican. † Everybody in the class started laughing. Even Jessie himself started laughing. But that was a long time ago. Now we both Seniors getting ready to graduate. We think back when the Jessie comment happened and we both start laughed thinking that’s how we actually met. We have been through think and thin. She is like another sister to me. I love to death. We also think back at the dumb stuff we did together. For example when we were both in night school. Before going in the class we used to call my boyfriend and ask him if he can bring us two Coca-Cola‘s, sour worms, and 2 bags of chips. We both knew couldn’t eat in there. But like always we didn’t care. We never got in trouble because we always did our work. There are a lot of adventure Leslie and I had and still have. Finding a friend is nice. But finding a friend like Leslie and considering her like your own blood is better. That is called a best friend. I hope that after high school we keep contact. In that case so we can continue having adventures together like we did in our high school years.

George Washington1 essays

George Washington1 essays George Washington is unanimously referred to as the "father of America". The first president of the United States of America, Washington set the manner for what was to become the most powerful seat of government in the country. The purpose of this paper is to provide biographical information on Washington and to explain why he is known as the "father of America". Born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, on February 22, 1732, George Washington was the eldest son of Augustine Washington and his second wife, Mary Ball Washington. His five younger brothers and sisters were Elizabeth, Samuel, John, Augustine, Charles, and Mildred (who died in infancy). Washington's two half brothers, Lawrence and Augustine, were fourteen and twelve years older than he, but the three boys liked and respected one another.1 When Washington was three the family moved to a larger plantation further up the Potomac River. It was called Epsewasson, or Little Hunting Creek, from the name of the stream it faced. Young Washington grew to love the estate with a passion that lasted all his life. Some years later Augustine bought a farm on the Rappahannock, opposite Fredericksburg, and moved the family there. The plantation, Ferry Farm, was the place where Washington chopped the cherry tree down.2 When Washington was eleven, his father died. The plantation at Epsewasson was granted to Lawrence. Lawrence added to the estate and renamed it Mount Vernon, in honor of Admiral Vernon, under whom he had served in the West Indies. George went to live with Augustine at Wakefield because Henry William's school, one of the best in the colony, was located nearby.3 Little is know of George Washington's schooling. He was probably tutored at home for a while, and may have attended school in Fredericksburg before going to Henry William's school. At fifteen he was ready to do practical surveying. He was good in mathematics; he was a neat penman and an accurate ...

Understanding Forest Basal Area

Understanding Forest Basal Area The cross-section area of the stem or stems of a plant is generally expressed as square units per unit of the area it is growing on. This volumetric description is a ratio of the trees cross-sectional area at DBH to the total area and called basal area or BA.  It is used by forestry professionals to determine percent stocking levels of trees in a given area.  For shrubs and herbs, it is used to determine phytomass. Grasses, forbs, and shrubs are usually measured at or less than 1 inch above soil level. For trees: the cross section area of a tree stem in square feet commonly measured at breast height (4.5 above ground) and inclusive of bark, usually computed by using DBH or tallied through the use of basal area factor angle gauge  or a factored prism. Pronunciation:  baze-ul area (noun) Common Misspellings:  basel area - basil area Basal Area, Do the Math Basal area factor is the number of units of basal area per acre (or per hectare) represented by each tree. The formula for basal area (3.1416 x DBH2)/(4 x 144). This formula simplifies to: basal area 0.005454 x DBH2 0.005454 is called the foresters constant, which converts inches into square feet. The basal area of a 10-inch tree is: 0.005454 x (10)2   0.5454 square feet (ft2). So, 100 of these trees per acre would calculate out a BA of 54 ft2.  or a count of just over 5 trees per angle gauge count. Basal Area as Used in Forestry BA is a measure of the capacity of certain stands of trees to increase annual ring growth. The factors of ring growth have a genetic component but are influenced by all biotic, physical and chemical factors in that particular environment. As stands of trees develop, BA increases as it approaches full stocking, the upper limit of a forest to grow increasing wood fiber. So, basal area measurement can be  used to determine a sites ability to grow a forest tree species accumulated over the tree age in years. As BA increases over time, measurements shown on growth curve graphs indicate a slowing in growth according to species growth and yield charts. Timber harvests are then made to reduce the BA to a point where remaining trees regain the ability to maximize growth toward a final, mature, valuable forest product. Basal Area and the Timber Harvest BA is not a  volume calculation  but the measurement can be used by foresters in determining volume using statistical tree stem occurrence and is an important tool for a timber inventory or timber  cruise. In the same vein, a basal area tree count tells a forester how occupied or crowded a forest site is and assists in making harvest decisions. In managing a commercial forest as even-aged stands, you are forcing one distinct age class to be maintained through the harvest cycle (three or more harvests). These stands are often regenerated by using clearcut, shelterwood, or seed tree cutting methods  and require the right basal area beneficial to each method. A clearcut forest is usually replanted or artificially seeded and has no measurable BA.A shelterwood harvest may leave a tree stocking level as high as  40 sq.ft per acre  10 factor BA.  A  seedtree  harvest may leave a tree stocking level as high as  20 sq.ft per acre  10 factor BA. There are many stocking guides that reflect density for even-aged stands (also called stocking charts). These guides assist the forest manager in determining if the forest is stocked with too many trees (overstocked), too sparsely stocked (understocked), or adequately stocked (fully stocked).

Herman Melville's Billy Budd and Bartleby; Mark Twain's Pudd'nhead Essay

Herman Melville's Billy Budd and Bartleby; Mark Twain's Pudd'nhead Wilson and Those Extraordinary Twins - Essay Example It’s name means the Atheist and it is the French ship that engages the â€Å"Bellipotent† after Billy’s death. It’s shot leads to the death of Captain Vere, removing the guiding spirit of the â€Å"Bellipotent† which has been corrupted by adherence to tradition. These lines are spoken by Claggart after Billy’s soup spills and leaks across the master-at-arms’ path. They reveal Claggart’s singular attention on Billy, if not his animosity toward him, and indicate the reason why Claggart hates Billy as much as he does. The Dansker says this to Billy after the incident with the gold guineas, warning him that the after-guardsman is working for Claggart to try to implicate Billy in a mutiny scheme. If Billy were smart, he would have gone directly to the authorities about the incident, but, in keeping with his personality and understanding, he keeps quiet. Billy Budd says these words just before he is hoisted up into the rigging as his execution. The phrase is echoed by all the men on the ship and demonstrates Billy’s continued loyalty to the Captain as well as his respect for the rule of law that the Captain upheld in executing Billy. The significance of the brick wall is its ability to personify the character of Bartleby. Like a brick wall, he is described as having very little personality of his own, which makes him ideal for his role as a scrivener. However, he also proves to be equally as unmovable, as uncommunicative and progressively less useful as a brick wall. This was a friend of Judge Driscoll who died at about the same time as Percy Driscoll. Toward the end of the story, Roxy reveals that he was the father of her son, the man most people have known as ‘Tom’ through most of his life. This is Roxy’s real son who is switched with the baby Thomas a Becket Driscoll, the son of Roxy’s owner to be raised as a white man. He is the spoiled and rotten main character who abuses his ‘slave’, the true heir. They are both involved in the case

Reflective journal (topic ) improve communication in organization Essay

Reflective journal (topic ) improve communication in organization - Essay Example I will analyze the topic in context to its contribution to my present professional profile while in second part, I will prepare as guideline to improve my communication skill in order to become manager and/or leader that I desired to be. During the degree program and professional life, I have faced a critical situation in the workplace due to failure of communication system. Although, we overcame the situation but the circumstances has proved the importance of intra-level communication within organization. During the classroom program, our teachers gave significant importance on role of interactive communication while during my professional life; I witnessed the importance of communication in stating the organizational mission, vision to stakeholders and combining them altogether to improve performance. Such incidents and lesson of our professors have influenced me to select communication style as key agenda in this essay. Theoretical Aspects Careful consideration of the research wor ks of McShane & Travaglione (2007) and Reece, Brandt & Howie (2011) reveals the fact that it is very important to manage relationship with internal or external stakeholders within organizational hemisphere. ... While doing research on knowledge sharing, Makela & Brewster (2009) found that there can be three types of communication flow, such as 1- horizontal communication between members in the similar organizational level, 2- vertical communication between top level employee and subordinates and 3- diagonal communication between cross functional groups. All three of these communication channels are needed to be embedded in order to ensure transparent sharing of information, understanding of organizational objectives and knowledge sharing. Chow & Liu (2007) argued that a particular organization or individual can use multiple communication styles in order to communicate the business objectives or influence the behavior of subordinates. For example, organizational leaders might use the combination of communication style, personality and interpersonal skills in order to influence behavior of subordinates. Chow & Liu (2007) gave examples of organizations that are struggling due to mainly three i ssues such as, 1- absence of leadership skill, 2- absence of formal or informal communication channel and 3- lack of knowledge sharing between team members or organizational members. In such circumstances, doubt may arise whether there is any link exists between leadership and communication style or not. In the next section, I will describe one particular incident that has improved my understanding about importance of communication style in the workplace. Real Life Circumstances I have worked in a service firm and to be honest, I enjoyed the organic structure and flexible work culture of the organization. However, I found that there is lack of transparency exist in the communication style of the management. I was handling the responsibility of customer relationship

The Systematic Teaching of Grammar: A Critique :: Essays Papers

The Systematic Teaching of Grammar: A Critique From the writer: "The Systematic Teaching of Grammar: A Critique" is a piece that was written for my Peer Writing Consultant class, WRT 331. The assignment was rather open, we were to relate our experiences as a writing consultant to an area interest. I was inspired to choose grammar as my subject area because I found that many students came to me asking directly for help with their grammar. This piece was more of an exploratory piece than anything else. From the teacher: Cat's interest in the subject of this paper was sparked by her consulting clients repeated requests to have her "just go over the grammar" in their papers. She wondered what they meant by that. Why were they so concerned about grammar? As a result, she decided to investigate how students are instructed in grammar. This paper, her final presentation for the Peer Writing Consultant course, grew out of her research. From the editors: Through a series of questions and answers, Ayoob simply yet thoroughly examines the subject of grammar. Taking a trip back to early childhood education and the origins of many misunderstandings of the mere definition of grammar, Ayoob's style offers concrete understandings of the life span of grammar. Writing from a point of view of a writing consultant lends her paper further credibilty. Grammar this, grammar that. So much is heard about grammar, most of it negative. If you are a writing consultant, you will hear that word just about everyday: "Can you help me with my grammar?" " I hate grammar." "My grammar sucks." Where does this obsession and loathing of grammar come from? This question would probably take a whole dissertation to answer, and I do not have the knowledge to write that sort of paper. So, this essay will be more narrowly focused. In most cases this misunderstanding of grammar takes place early on in ones educational career. Most students have made their position with grammar clear before they enter high school. Many of these students who detest grammar were taught grammar systematically. It is this systematic teaching of grammar that creates such fear and hatred of grammar. In this short piece, systematically taught grammar will be analyzed and discussed. It is the intention of the author to provide a critique of this method of teaching and propose alternative teaching styles. Grammar taught systematically is ineffective and should be discarded.

Business and Management

Blyton, P. , Noon, M. (2007), The Realities of Work. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. This Chapter explores the key concepts of survival in the workforce. The aim is to explore how employees survive the alienating tendencies at work by developing different coping strategies in different circumstances. According to Karl Marx employees develop four types of estrangement; self-estrangement, estrangement from the product of their labour, their species being and from others which leads to alienation. Under capitalism)all the means for developing production are transformed into means of power over and exploitation of the producer; that they mutilate the worker into a fragment of a human being, degrade him to become a mere appurtenance, make his work such a torment that its essential meaning is destroyed(Marx, 1930: 713, quoted in Fox, 1974: 224) Blauner suggests that greater automation will free workers hard work of assembly lines and machine minding, it will result in decreasing alienatio n for employees (Blauner, 1964:182-3) We have acknowledged the authors and the investigators opinions to alienation.According to the writers there are five main strategies that help to survive alienation tendencies such as fiddling, making out, joking, sabotage and escaping. Michael Burawoy (1979) suggests employees should use the term making out. Making out in Burawoy’s theory suggests employees are allowed to miss behave and control their working day if they are still working within the rules, management’s instructions and tasks are completed. (Burawoy, 1985: 126) Management Today (2000) state fiddling is a rule breaker but managers turn a blind eye.It can be seen in any job from supermarkets to call centres. In call centres employees manipulate the call monitoring system in order to gain extra rest breaks. (Townsend,2005:56) Radcliffe-Brown (1952) is an anthropologist who acknowledged the survival strategy joking. Joking maintains social order, releases tension, cha llenges authority and forges group identities. However occasional joking can challenge the power of hierarchy. Identified by Linstead (1985a) sabotage can be a result of rational behaviour.It can purposely be a spiteful attempt to ruin or disturb the process or the product. This is where whistle blowing comes in to determine the result of behaviour. Escaping is expressed in two different ways. Physical escape is to temporarily take time off or to permanently quit the job to escape alienation. Mental escape is taking their mind somewhere else so that they can express their own thoughts in their own head. Overall employees should interoperate the five survival strategies’ which will help them to survive the alienation.However employees should interoperate them as a form of consent and not a form of resistance. McHugh, D. , Thompson, P. (2002) Work Organisations: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. In This Chapter the author explores how scientific manageme nt and bureaucratisation helped transform the workplace. Fredrick Taylor is known for inventing the term scientific management. Some management and work organisations were already in place ‘the less skilled worker’.It was down to Taylor who acknowledged the influences of other systematic management inventions such as inspection systems, and employment departments. (Urwick and Breech, 1949:33) Nyland, (1988:56) believed that â€Å"The Systematisers† were a diverse group of engineers , accountants, and work managers who argued that US firms had grown to a size where the internal functioning of the enterprise was becoming increasingly chaotic and waist full. This suggests not all work was available to everyone so therefore used his system which he believed was the best to manage the workforce.Bringing a new approach to managerial skills needed a new set of rules to help the labour process that Taylor was most concerned about. New rules meant stricter working environ ments. Taylor used idea’s to help shape the work place conflicting beaurocratic management. Braverman (1974:120) objects that it sanctions the mistaken view that such work arrangements belongs to large scale organisations rather than a product of capitalist social relations. This suggests not everyone agreed with the theory, some writers said the idea of bureaucrasation and systematic management was problematic.To understand the beucratic rules it needs to be clear through different modes of production and business systems. Clawson (1980; 248) believed Taylorism is in contrast with Weber Stress on the remote and impersonal qualities of beuocrasy. This suggests Taylor and Weber worked in contrast with each other because weber believed in Taylor theory of systematic management. Therefore Webers theory of rationalisation worked with Taylor’s theory. To summarise beaurocratic management has risen in the ervice industry. Recent studies state that evidence is showed in Ritzl er’s (1993) ‘The Mcdonaldisation of society’. The authors state the key point of this chapter is that Taylorism and other management theories are distinct elements not packages. People are diverse and uneven when it comes to the legacy of Taylorism. Traditions have in fact shaped the industry aiding managers to use different approaches.Word Count: 796 References Deakins, D & Freel, M. (2009) ‘Entrepreneurship and Small Firms’. 5th ed. Midenhead: McGraw Hill. O’Doherty, D. (2007) ‘Introducing Organisational Behaviour and Management’. London: Thompson. Weardon, G. (2012) ‘Eurozone crisis live: Monti to lobby Merkel over bond-buying plan’ The Guardian. 29th August, 2012. Cramer, R. M. (2006) ‘The Great Intimidators’ Havard Business Review. V84 pp. 88-96. ‘ Most companies struggling to be paperless’ Institute of Leadership and Management. 14th August, 2012. http://www. i-l-m. com/ [accessed 29th August 2012].

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald - 817 Words

On the surface, The Great Gatsby is a story of failed love between Jay Gatsby and Daisy Buchanan. The main theme of the novel, however, is comprised of a much larger, less romantic scope. Fitzgerald portrays the roaring twenties as a time of corroded social and moral values. This is shown by the empty pursuit of pleasure, gluttony, and pure shallowness of the rich. Some of these materialistic views of the societal decay of today can be seen by the rich and famous in everyday life. One example of the moral decay of the upper class in the novel is when Tom Buchanan repeatedly cheats on his wife Daisy with multiple women, with his main mistress being Myrtle Wilson. Not only does Tom cheat on her, but he doesn’t even try to hide it. He enjoys showing Myrtle off to people as some sort of prize he is excited about winning. â€Å"The fact that he had [a mistress] was insisted upon wherever he was known. His acquaintances resented the fact that he turned up in popular restaurants wit h her and, leaving her at a table, sauntered about, chatting with whomsoever he knew† (Fitzgerald 24). Tom is a hypocritical controlling racist, who has no moral qualms about his affair with Myrtle. However, when Tom catches wind of Daisy and Gatsby having an affair he freaks out and confronts Gatsby. Tom demands the highest respect from those around him, but at the end of the day he is a careless man that only worries about himself and his money. Tiger Woods is the most famous name in golf today, but notShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. 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Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. 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Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that